Periwinkle

Plant Type: ground cover
Plant Height: 3-6 inches
Spread: 18-24 inches
Flower Color: blue, purple, white or pink
Sun Exposure: Partial Shade

Periwinkle (Vinca minor) – A Versatile Evergreen Ground Cover for Shady Areas

Periwinkle, scientifically known as Vinca minor, is a popular perennial evergreen ground cover admired for its glossy green foliage and charming star-shaped flowers. Native to Europe and parts of Asia, this plant has become a staple in gardens and landscapes due to its ability to thrive in shaded areas and its low-maintenance nature.

Key Features of Periwinkle

1. Delicate Star-Shaped Flowers

   • Bloom Time: Primarily blooms in spring, with sporadic flowering throughout the growing season.
   • Colors: Flowers come in shades of blue, purple, white, or pink.
   • Appearance: The small, star-shaped blooms provide a subtle yet delightful splash of color, contrasting beautifully with the dark green foliage.

2. Glossy Evergreen Foliage

   • Leaves: Small, oval-shaped, and glossy dark green.
   • Growth Habit: Forms a dense carpet of greenery, typically growing 4 to 6 inches tall.
   • Year-Round Interest: As an evergreen, it offers continuous visual appeal throughout the year.

3. Ground Cover Abilities

   • Weed Suppression: Dense growth effectively suppresses weeds.
   • Soil Stabilization: Excellent for stabilizing soil on slopes or in erosion-prone areas.
   • Shade Tolerance: Thrives in areas with partial to full shade where other plants may struggle.

Growing Conditions

• Light Requirements: Prefers partial to full shade but can tolerate some sunlight, especially in cooler climates.
• Soil Preferences: Adapts to a variety of soil types, including sandy, loamy, and clay soils. Prefers well-drained soil with a slightly acidic to neutral pH.
• Watering Needs: Requires regular watering during establishment. Once established, it is relatively drought-tolerant.
• Temperature Hardiness: Suitable for USDA zones 4 to 9, making it hardy in a wide range of climates.

Maintenance and Care

• Low Maintenance: Requires minimal care once established. Occasional pruning can control its spread and maintain desired shape.
• Pest and Disease Resistance: Generally resistant to pests and diseases but can be susceptible to fungal issues in overly wet conditions.
• Propagation: Easily propagated through stem cuttings or division, typically done in spring or fall.

Landscape Uses

• Underplanting: Ideal for planting under trees and shrubs, adding greenery and color to shaded areas.
• Borders and Edging: Can be used along walkways or garden borders to create a neat edge.
• Ground Cover: Effectively covers large areas, providing a lush green carpet.
• Erosion Control: Suitable for slopes and banks, where it helps prevent soil erosion with its extensive root system.

Cautions and Considerations

• Invasiveness: Periwinkle can be invasive in some regions, spreading beyond intended areas and potentially outcompeting native vegetation. It's important to monitor its growth and contain it as needed.
• Environmental Impact: Before planting, check with local guidelines to ensure it's appropriate for your area and won't negatively impact local ecosystems.

Summary

Periwinkle (Vinca minor) is a versatile and attractive ground cover that brings year-round beauty to gardens with minimal effort. Its ability to thrive in shaded areas, coupled with its glossy foliage and delicate flowers, makes it an excellent choice for gardeners looking to enhance their landscapes. Whether used to underplant trees, stabilize slopes, or add greenery to shaded borders, Periwinkle offers both aesthetic appeal and practical benefits. However, due diligence is advised to prevent unwanted spreading and to protect local ecosystems.

Three Timbers Installation Guide (Feel Free to Follow): Periwinkle

Planting Guide:

• Location: Full sun to partial shade (at least 4-6 hours of direct sunlight for optimal growth and blooming)
• Soil: Well-drained, loamy or slightly acidic soil
• Spacing: Space plants 1-2 feet apart to allow for dense growth
• Planting Depth: Plant at the same depth as the root ball, ensuring the top of the root ball is level with the surrounding soil surface
• Support: Periwinkle is a ground cover or low-growing shrub that requires no staking

Watering Guide:

Watering After Planting:

• Initial Watering: Water thoroughly immediately after planting to saturate the root ball and surrounding soil
• Frequency: Water every 3-4 days for the first 2-3 weeks to help establish the root system
• Watering Amount: Provide 1 inch of water per session for deep watering

When is the Plant Established?

• Timeframe: Periwinkle is considered established after 2-3 months when the roots have spread into the surrounding soil

Watering Once Established:

• Summer: Water every 7-10 days during the hotter months. If temperatures exceed 100°F, increase watering to every 5-7 days. Provide 1.5-2 inches of water per session.
• Winter: Water every 3-4 weeks during the cooler months, depending on rainfall.

Drip Irrigation Setup:

• Placement of Emitters: Place the drip emitters 6-12 inches away from the base of the plant for even watering
• Flow Rate: Use emitters with a flow rate of 1-2 gallons per hour
• Number of Emitters: 1 emitter per plant for even watering distribution
• Adjusting Frequency: In summer, increase watering to every 5-7 days. In winter, reduce to every 3-4 weeks